Political Aspects of Criminal Justice Essay

Introduction A lament subject arbitrator transcription in any untaught is enshrined in the grounds executive sev sequencelizees. It is usu tot every last(predicate)yy enshrined on the judiciary arm of the organization and bags whole sad cases and decides who should be prosecuted. (Shaffer & Herington, p36-40) The brutal arbiter establishment is in any case entrusted with the structures that comprise the unanimous jurist constitution.It comes up with the provisions that cater for return of new crimes. It also enforces the laws to make sure that anyone complies with them to maintain and enhance hunting lodge in the society. The twist justice formation is comprised of all the justice systems obligation from the local to the national levels (Bonnie, p688).The degree of criminal offence determines the structure that should handle it. Minor crimes fecal matter be handled at the lowest level, for instance, by police force who maintain order by arresting and assignin g some punishments to the offenders and in the end releasing them. This system involves cooperation of the people at the grassroots level. (Alexander, p67-78) Criminal justice system enhances internal protection of the citizens. Citizens be protected from the internal enemies who be kayoed to cause harm to them. It also checks the excesses of the offenders and instills fear in them. This system has played an important role in tracking down criminals and ensuring that justice is done on the offenders.For instance, murderers, robbers, drug traffickers, rapists have been tracked down and arrogate behind bars, thanks to the criminal justice system. This heightens security in the e distinguish and promotes the freedom of movement. raft loafer move from one point to another(prenominal) without the fear of being held hostage, kidnapped, raped or killed. As a issuance people are free to pursue their common good and can even engage in notes generating activities or other business es that promote their livelihood. (Bonnie, p688) Criminal justice system prevents war or clashes within a country. A sense of peace and harmony is maintained and hence they are able to maintain positive interactions. As a result, a gummy society is created and everyone is able to pursue their businesses. (Neilstrong, p40-p40) Criminal justice system has evolved everywhere the years from a primitive era to an advanced era. The executive branch is divided into three stages at primary and secondary level. The three eras can be summarized as traditional (1776- 1899), transitional era which took place amidst (1900-1927) and finally nationalization era which fell between 1964 to present snip. (Bonnie, p688) conventional Era (1776-1899) This is the earliest era of criminal justice system in America. It details the most primitive form of criminal justice system. During this snip the justice system was devolved and people were in control of the most decisions affect the country as well as the giving medication (Shaffer & Herington, p36-40). During this time, the chairperson was not in control of the country since decisions were do by the citizens. The association obdurate what problems was affecting them and prioritize them and finally came up with a modality on how to solve them. The decisions were not central, that is, left to the central presidency. During this time, people were make itn proof on how their money was spent and so the executive would account for every single penny spent. The community based team which was in presence of solving problems being experienced in the community were prosecutors, police word of honor and probation officers, judges, church leaders, community residents and school leaders (Shaffer & Herington, p36-p40).These leaders were presenting the local community. altogether the decisions and plans were first handled by them before being handed over to the taller(prenominal) leave. It is worth noting that at this time th e process of decision making was slow.This is because of the umteen a(prenominal) levels that a court case had to go through before termination a judgment. The judgments passed were either very light or too harsh. For instance, slaves were defeat and tortured. Some even died in the process for committing very mild offences. in that respect were no laws protecting them, and therefore they fell victims of abuses. If a slave was off by his master, no action was taken against him, he was not put away. Unfortunately, it promoted a lot of evil against slaves who were blacks at this time. (Shaffer, p36-p40) The justice system at that time did not cater for many crimes being committed. For instance, there were no efficacious systems put in place to punish administration officials. in that respect was clutch without trial and in most cases some forms of dictatorship were evident (Alexander, p67-78). There were no rehabilitation centers for criminals and hence any criminal was eithe r imprisoned and was not given a chance to reform and become a offend person.The only advantage with this era was that it was not dominated by the presidency. Peoplehad a louder voice and were easily heard by the authority and therefore their needs were sorted out fast. The criminal justice system was felt even by those at very low levels.transitional Era (1900-1927) During this time, there were some changes being felt by the people. The decadency of the personnels of the criminal justice system was not devolved like in the past. This era progressd a much centralized form of government. The decisions began to be do at the top and gradually trickled down to the bottom. The criminal justice system stopped being too harsh on the citizens (Bonnie, p688).The citizens were beaten and locked up in the cells, and there were no authentic mechanisms to investigate crime. Most expert crimes were left unattended and forensic laboratories were at the initial stages of development. Durin g this time, however the taxpayers money was used to build better prison cells and therefore the torture house were done away with. It promoted fair trials and many people began to be prosecuted including the Whites. The cells promoted decency in handling human beings. (Neilstrong, p40-40) The government began educating people about change and development. meet government structures that deal with crime were set up. The people who handled criminal cases were more educated and understood the system better. There were open policies of discussion and leading was promoted in all structures and systems of government. The leaders served as models to be copied by small citizens and therefore the justice system was streamlined. alone the prosecutions were based on cover evidence (Alexander, p67-78). The most evident thing about this era was that the criminal justice system was going through a process of change. People were hungry for better systems of government.They started to believ e in the government since it was holding all the resources that they needed. They believed that only the government had the power to cater for all their needs. For the people to assure this change they had to give up some of their ambitions. Power without resources was nothing. Without the money and power structures, their money would always remain weak and they would not be able to guard themselves against enemies. The state was gradually being allowed to be in control.This is because all power was vested on it and they had higher control on everyone and every department. At this time prosecutors became generalists and started operating out of their decentralized offices. This way they were able to tight work with the police and the society on important issues that mattered most to the residents locally. (Shaffer, p36-40) During this era, when people from all the corners of the country felt angry and isolated from the government as well as their representatives, then the better o ption was to move contiguous to the community whereby they felt that the community was responding well. However, the fear was that, the community could not give them much but only the state would. In America, some cities, for instance, rising York began to experiment with the neighboring courts.The court did not only give out sanctions but also offer one stop shop for a number of services both social and economic. For example, drugs for treatment. This was aimed at coming up with solutions to solve the problems present at that time. There was proliferation of courts that dealt with drug cases in the whole country. This was a reflection of growth in appreciation and coming up with tailor made responses to answer to the concerns made locally. (Neilstrong, p40-p40) At this level however, community policing was evident and people were responding well to the status of the government and cooperation was promoted in all areas. communization Era (1964 to Present) At this era all the decis ions were made at the national level. The criminal justice system was centralized and all the decisions were made by top government officials. The presidency at this time fake the role of Commander In Chief of the Armed Forces. The sitting president could not be prosecuted because he was the overall head. If charges were brought against them he gave a no prosecution order. This is called nolle prosequi. That is, he could not be prosecuted at any time. All the political decisions related to the criminal activities were handled by the state. The criminal justice system became more and more bureaucratic and lengthy. There was a backlog of cases since all the criminal cases were under one system. (Alexander, p67-78) Nationalization era developed prisons and new ways of transforming the prisons was invested. Forensic laboratories were employed to investigate any role of criminal case. There were more developed and modern rehabilitation centers. non any crime could land a person in pr ison. They came up with new techniques of measuring criminal cases. The people who were found to measure up to them were referred to rehabilitation centers to reform them. (Shaffer, p36-40) The domination of the presidency and the desire to control the criminal justice system however promoted many evils in the state. For example many offences committed by the president have not been looked into due to his lush powers. He is simply above the law. It also bred other evils such as assassination crimes. Most presidents have been known to assassinate their rivals if they pose a threat to their presidency. In essence, the presidency has abused the criminal justice system. All the powers have been taken away from the local government and it has rendered it a toothless dog as far as criminal justice system is concerned. (Bonnie, p688) From the nationalization era it is evident that the presidency has moved to dominate the criminal justice system on most of its issues. This can be explained from the inordinate powers vested on the presidency. It practically controls all the other arms of the government, which means it is untouchable. (Neilstrong, p40-p40) The separate with this situation is that it has on many occasions abused the powers and privileges vested on it. The presidency influences all the decisions made at the parliamentary level and influences the powers of the judiciary, and other organizations which make do the work and activities of the government.For instance, organizations which are supposed to investigate the governments unethical behavior. When investigations are made and concluded, they are never released. This is done to protect the envision of the present government and the presidency. Offenders of such crimes are never made public. contempt the government having enough liabilities, it is always made to appear perfect and blameless. Nationalization era has bred very corrupt government officials. (Alexander, p67-78) The US was not better in th e earlier period. This is because the state kind of government could not tally the resources closer to the people. They have very many states and a state government could not devolve the resources available equitably and equally. The national government is therefore better and improved the economy as well as expanding the parliamentary space. The people now have more control of the local government and they can control the resources which have been placed at their disposal. For a country (nation) as big as US only a federal kind of government can work. A centralized state would encourage community policing which cannot be applied in the modern world. (Bonnie, p688)Conclusion scorn the gains of a state government, I believe that for a growing state the federal kind of government is more desirable. This is because people can gravel resources faster and more easily. In addition, it is not cumbersome and neither is it bureaucratic and hence decisions are easily made faster and much more conveniently. Federal government is the way to go since it discourages crime at high levels of government as well as corruption. The citizens are more in touch with their leaders and they can easily express themselves.Works Cited.Alexander, S. political Government To What Extent Do Governments, Control Systems of Government, Harvard Press, 2003 (P67-p78) 2nd EdBonnie, B. community of interests Criminal Justice What Community Policing Teaches Harts Mitch. D.C, Washington, 2004 (p 688) Vol INeilstrong, B. Federalism and State Government The counselling to Go, Palgrave Publishers, United States of America, 2002 (p40-p40)Shaffer, S& Herington, C. Aspect of Good Governance, Harvard University Press, UK 2001 (p34-p40) Vol I 2nd Ed.